Olli Rehn, the economic and monetary affairs commissioner, sought to put a positive spin on the figures by saying they showed “a gradual improvement in Europe’s growth outlook from early next year.” He also highlighted that “market stress has been reduced” since European leaders began to overhaul the institutions running the euro and since the European Central Bank pledged to shore up vulnerable economies.
But Mr. Rehn acknowledged that Europe was going through a “difficult process of macroeconomic rebalancing, which will still last for some time.” And he highlighted a need to “bring unemployment down from the current unacceptably high levels.”
Unemployment will peak next year at slightly below 11 percent across the Union and at 12 percent in the euro area, according to the commission.
James Nixon, chief European economist in London for Société Générale, said the figures probably overestimated growth prospects. “It’s going to be a tough couple of years,” he said....
“It is quite a pessimistic conclusion on Spain, which suggests that they are going to miss deficit targets by a distance,” Mr. Nixon said. “I think the implication of that is that we are likely to see more austerity next year, and that means that the growth outlook will be worse than predicted.
“The countries of Southern Europe are engaging in multiyear adjustment programs,” he said. “It is unrealistic to expect Spain and Italy to exit these programs before 2015.”
The report also underlined the hazard the European Union faces from devastatingly high levels of unemployment, which could “bring social hardship and a destruction of human capital detrimental to longer-term growth.”
Specific country targets reported by the commission included the following:
Spain - G.D.P. shrinkage of 1.4 percent this year and next before returning to growth of 0.8 percent in 2014.
Greece - A contraction of 6 percent this year and of 4.2 percent in 2013, before returning to growth of 0.6 percent in 2014.
Germany - Growth in the bloc’s biggest economy of 0.8 percent this year and next, and of 2 percent in 2014.
France - Growth of 0.2 percent this year, 0.4 percent in 2013 and 1.2 percent in 2014."